UK must do more to lead innovation in bio-tech sector, Lords committee says

Show Science and Technology Publications

Sat, January 18, 2025

[ Sat, Jan 18th ] - NextBigFuture

SpaceX Starship Leak Details

[ Sat, Jan 18th ] - KDFW

Students compete in Annual MLK Oratory competition

[ Sat, Jan 18th ] - MSN

Best Minecraft Tech Mods

[ Sat, Jan 18th ] - MSN

Is Earth the only planet in the solar system with plate tectonics?

[ Sat, Jan 18th ] - Forbes

4 Trends Shaping The College Admissions Process For 2025

[ Sat, Jan 18th ] - NDTV

In New Congress Headquarters, Leaders Who Quit Party Also Find A Place

[ Sat, Jan 18th ] - earth

First tools ever used on Earth were not made by early humans

[ Sat, Jan 18th ] - Couriermail

Archaeologists reveal 'once-in-a-century' Pompeii discovery

[ Sat, Jan 18th ] - Forbes

No-Code Technology And The Fate Of The Modern Programmer

[ Sat, Jan 18th ] - NDTV

BITSAT 2025 Registration Date Announced, Check Details

[ Sat, Jan 18th ] - businessday

Seven high-paying tech-skills in 2025

[ Sat, Jan 18th ] - MSN

BITSAT 2025 Registration Begins On January 21 At bitsadmission.com; Check Details Here

[ Sat, Jan 18th ] - MSN

BITSAT 2025 registration date announced at bitsadmission.com: Check details here

[ Sat, Jan 18th ] - MSN

Govt launches MYStartup initiatives to empower st .. argets 5,000 registrations, says science minister

[ Sat, Jan 18th ] - MSN

BITSAT 2025 registration date announced at bitsadmission.com, here's how to apply

Fri, January 17, 2025

[ Fri, Jan 17th ] - MSN

51 CA Teens Awarded $2,000 In 2025 Regeneron Science Talent Search

[ Fri, Jan 17th ] - Rappler

With no guidelines, Cebu students and teachers left to figure out AI on their own

[ Fri, Jan 17th ] - radaronline

Top 5 New Professions: Preparing for the Challenges and Opportunities of the Tech Era

[ Fri, Jan 17th ] - LocalSYR

Local legacy: Biden visited Syracuse more than any president in American history

[ Fri, Jan 17th ] - Nature

Trump's science advisers: how they could influence his second presidency

[ Fri, Jan 17th ] - Forbes

How Genomics Uses DNA And Tech To Make Healthcare Accessible To All

[ Fri, Jan 17th ] - MSN

Ludhiana: Students showcase innovative ideas at science expo

[ Fri, Jan 17th ] - Forbes

Warning Signs That AI Foundational Research And A .. lent Could Be Slipping Through Academia's Fingers

[ Fri, Jan 17th ] - Forbes

Financial Sharing Models For An AI World

[ Fri, Jan 17th ] - MSN

Germany unleashes AMD-powered Hunter supercomputer

[ Fri, Jan 17th ] - businessday

Top 5 countries that are best for STEM courses

[ Fri, Jan 17th ] - Forbes

The Year Ahead: Promise For Quantum Growth

[ Fri, Jan 17th ] - MSN

Sutherland community protests government's violation of land use act

[ Fri, Jan 17th ] - Wired

Harnessing AI and data science to discover life-changing medicines at AstraZeneca

[ Fri, Jan 17th ] - MSN

Kerala SET January Admit Card 2025 out at lbsedp.lbscentre.in, download link here

[ Fri, Jan 17th ] - MSN

The Science Behind Renewable Energy Efficiency

Thu, January 16, 2025

[ Thu, Jan 16th ] - collider

10 Essential Sci-Fi Movies of the 1990s, Ranked

[ Thu, Jan 16th ] - NASA

Amendment 102: Due Date Delays for Several Astrophysics Programs

[ Thu, Jan 16th ] - BBC

Meet di Nigerian scientists wey receive America highest honour

[ Thu, Jan 16th ] - cryptonews

Decentralized Prediction Markets Aim to Advance Science

[ Thu, Jan 16th ] - Slate

What's Going On With Fluoride and Children's IQs?

[ Thu, Jan 16th ] - CNN

Highlights: Blue Origin's New Glenn reaches orbit on maiden voyage

[ Thu, Jan 16th ] - BBC

Introducing Health Fix, our newsletter to boost your health and wellbeing

[ Thu, Jan 16th ] - Yahoo

X-Rite Debuts LED-Based Booth Amid Light Source Shift

[ Thu, Jan 16th ] - Newsweek

Solar Flares: NASA Reveals Early Warning Sign of 'Dangerous Space Weather'

[ Thu, Jan 16th ] - Firstpost

Biden's farewell moves on India: US removes Barc, two other institutions from sanctions list

[ Thu, Jan 16th ] - cryptonews

The Wisdom of Crowds: How Blockchain Could Transform Medical Research

[ Thu, Jan 16th ] - Newsweek

Ukraine Scores Major Security Boost As UK Signs 100-Year Partnership

[ Thu, Jan 16th ] - Wired

A New Jam-Packed Biden Executive Order Tackles Cybersecurity, AI, and More

[ Thu, Jan 16th ] - MSN

Jeff Bezos' Blue Origin launches massive New Glenn rocket on first test flight

[ Thu, Jan 16th ] - Scroll

Kerala SET admit card 2025 released; here's download link

[ Thu, Jan 16th ] - UPI

Blue Origin successfully launches New Glenn rocket

[ Thu, Jan 16th ] - NDTV

NASA's James Webb Space Telescope Shows 3D Structure Of Dust And Gas Between Stars

[ Thu, Jan 16th ] - MSN

Oyo: Makinde approves new appointment of 902 civil servants

[ Thu, Jan 16th ] - MSN

Masterstroke by Modi govt as US removes 3 Indian .. from..., bad news for China as over 11 Chinese...

[ Thu, Jan 16th ] - MSN

SpaceX Launches Two Private Lunar Landers: A Mile .. Exploration and NASA's Long-Term Lunar Ambitions

[ Thu, Jan 16th ] - MSN

New Method Transforms Scrap Aluminum into High-Performance Alloys

[ Thu, Jan 16th ] - MSN

US removes sanctions on BARC, two other Indian companies

Wed, January 15, 2025

[ Wed, Jan 15th ] - deseret

Trump's Energy nominee says he wants to 'restore our energy dominance'

[ Wed, Jan 15th ] - cnycentral

Senator Schumer announces $825M final agreement for Albany Nanotech

[ Wed, Jan 15th ] - deseret

Energy nominee Chris Wright fields questions in Senate hearing

[ Wed, Jan 15th ] - MSN

Schumer: Deal done for $825M Albany NanoTech chip lab

[ Wed, Jan 15th ] - NDTV

US Removes Restrictions On 3 Indian Nuclear Entities

[ Wed, Jan 15th ] - Indiatimes

US removes India's BARC, IRE, IGCAR from 'entity list' to enable closer cooperation

[ Wed, Jan 15th ] - katv

Little Rock Central High teacher wins national award for excellence in STEM education

[ Wed, Jan 15th ] - techUK

Tech Policy: A Year in Review 2024

[ Wed, Jan 15th ] - Forbes

Work-Based Learning For Emerging Technologies And Advanced Industries

[ Wed, Jan 15th ] - KIMT

Osage teacher gets Presidential Excellence award

[ Wed, Jan 15th ] - Forbes

10 Careers Predicted To Get Big Pay Raises In 2025

[ Wed, Jan 15th ] - AOL

US imposing new export controls on biotech equipment over China concerns

[ Wed, Jan 15th ] - Nature

What Trump 2.0 means for science: the likely winners and losers

[ Wed, Jan 15th ] - Reuters

US imposing new export controls on biotechnology equipment

[ Wed, Jan 15th ] - Yahoo

FireFly Aerospace's Blue Ghost is on its way to the moon: What to know about NASA mission

[ Wed, Jan 15th ] - NDTV

'Fireflies' Light Up Sky As India Gets 1st Private Satellite Constellation

[ Wed, Jan 15th ] - timesnownews

iPhone 16 Pro Max, 16 Pro, 16 Plus, iPhone 16 Get .. Amazon During Republic Day Sale 2025: All Details

[ Wed, Jan 15th ] - Computerworld

These top online AI courses can help advance your career

[ Wed, Jan 15th ] - Reuters

Aramco's lithium project promising but not yet commercial, minister says

[ Wed, Jan 15th ] - CNET

Not Sure Where to Go After TikTok? Here Are 8 Similar Apps

[ Wed, Jan 15th ] - MSN

SpaceX rocket carries 2 moon landers into space

[ Wed, Jan 15th ] - Newsweek

Scientists and Doctors Reveal How Genes are Mapping Cures for Cancer

[ Wed, Jan 15th ] - earth

Discovery: First tools ever used on Earth were not made by early humans

[ Wed, Jan 15th ] - Tuko

Kisumu Ex-ICT Director Arrested for Allegedly For .. ng Academic Credentials, Earning KSh 4m in Salary

[ Wed, Jan 15th ] - Reuters

Japan's ispace, US's Firefly launch moon landers from Florida

[ Wed, Jan 15th ] - MSN

Two lunar landers are about to launch to the moon aboard a SpaceX rocket

[ Wed, Jan 15th ] - MSN

Marcos backs vaccine and virology institute project

[ Wed, Jan 15th ] - MSN

Kerala to rally other states to fight new regulations of UGC

[ Wed, Jan 15th ] - NDTV

Meet 'IIT Baba' Abhey Singh, Aerospace Engineer Turning Heads At Maha Kumbh

[ Wed, Jan 15th ] - KBOI

Boise State launches School of Computing to shape Idaho's tech future

[ Wed, Jan 15th ] - MSN

IMD is a symbol of India's scientific journey: PM Modi

Tue, January 14, 2025

[ Tue, Jan 14th ] - KADN

UL students set to design and build 5-acre research and entertainment park near Arnaudville

[ Tue, Jan 14th ] - Yahoo

SUNY Delhi honors alumni and staff with awards

[ Tue, Jan 14th ] - timesnownews

Meta Boss Mark Zuckerberg Says AI Will Take Over .. hese Key Jobs At Instagram, Facebook And WhatsApp

[ Tue, Jan 14th ] - WRAL

Fact check: Sanders says H-1B visa holders hired as dog trainers, massage therapists

[ Tue, Jan 14th ] - wtov9

St. Clairsville High School plans STEM lab overhaul

[ Tue, Jan 14th ] - Forbes

Inside Schneider National's Marketplace Of Movement And Innovation

[ Tue, Jan 14th ] - SpaceNews

Yutu-2 rover likely immobile on the moon after historic lunar far side mission

[ Tue, Jan 14th ] - NDTV

IIT Delhi's Abu Dhabi Campus Admission Process Be .. ins For Undergraduate Students, Check Key Details

[ Tue, Jan 14th ] - Gizmodo

Two Private Moon Landers Are Launching Wednesday: Here's What You Should Know

[ Tue, Jan 14th ] - MSN

Need to develop warning systems for earthquakes: PM Modi

[ Tue, Jan 14th ] - TMCnet

DSFederal Awarded OASIS+ GWAC IDIQ Contract

[ Tue, Jan 14th ] - MSN

Why US-China quantum race is the most critical contest of our time

[ Tue, Jan 14th ] - MSN

IMD has not only served crores of Indians in thes .. become a symbol of India's scientific journey: PM

[ Tue, Jan 14th ] - Indiatimes

India Live News Updates: PM Modi commemorates coi .. Foundation Day of India Meteorological Department

[ Tue, Jan 14th ] - MSN

Ghost Riders in the Sky: Firefly's Blue Ghost mission to the moon set to launch from KSC

[ Tue, Jan 14th ] - Nature

How should we test AI for human-level intelligence? OpenAI's o3 electrifies quest

[ Tue, Jan 14th ] - MSN

5G network to be built for Harwell Science and Innovation Campus

Mon, January 13, 2025

[ Mon, Jan 13th ] - news10nbc

New Brazil law restricts use of smartphones in elementary and high schools

[ Mon, Jan 13th ] - WRIC

Virginia Tech Alexandria campus opening

[ Mon, Jan 13th ] - BBC

Starmer says he has 'full confidence' in chancellor as he's pushed on economy at AI launch

[ Mon, Jan 13th ] - NASA

Earth Science at Work

[ Mon, Jan 13th ] - Yahoo

Does the tech industry really need so many workers on H-1B visas?

[ Mon, Jan 13th ] - NASA

NASA's Hubble Tracks Down a 'Blue Lurker' Among Stars

[ Mon, Jan 13th ] - Forbes

Can Scientists Create Cows That Burp Less Methane?

[ Mon, Jan 13th ] - timesnownews

Rare Comet G3 ATLAS Visible Tonight After 1,60,000 Years: Where And How To Watch

[ Mon, Jan 13th ] - Forbes

14 Highlights From CES 2025 In AI, Robots, Glasses, Health And More

[ Mon, Jan 13th ] - NDTV

India's Road Map For Space Developments Set Till 2047: New ISRO Chief V Narayanan

[ Mon, Jan 13th ] - CNN

Highlights: Blue Origin calls off New Glenn launch attempt

[ Mon, Jan 13th ] - BBC

Starmer pledges to make UK a 'great AI superpower'

[ Mon, Jan 13th ] - TMCnet

KBR Awarded Global Agreement by BP for Engineerin .. Procurement and Construction Management Services

[ Mon, Jan 13th ] - rudaw

Top Iranian universities to open branches in Iraq

[ Mon, Jan 13th ] - NDTV

'PlanetVac': NASA's Vacuum Cleaner To Collect Soil Samples In Seconds

[ Mon, Jan 13th ] - MSN

Jeff Bezos' space company calls off debut launch .. massive new rocket in final minutes of countdown

[ Mon, Jan 13th ] - MSN

A rare look at NASA's next sharp-eyed space telescope

[ Mon, Jan 13th ] - MSN

This 36-year-old sci-fi 'nerd' quit his banking j .. a deep space startup that has raised $24 million

[ Mon, Jan 13th ] - MSN

ChatGPT For Homework? UK Minister Says On 'One Condition'

[ Mon, Jan 13th ] - MSN

Five things to know about New Glenn, Blue Origin's new rocket

[ Mon, Jan 13th ] - CNN

Blue Origin's New Glenn to attempt maiden voyage

[ Mon, Jan 13th ] - timesnownews

Mark Zuckerberg Takes On Apple, Says They Are Just 'Sitting On iPhones For 20 Years'

[ Mon, Jan 13th ] - NDTV

UK Tech Minister Says Children Should Be Allowed To Use ChatGPT For Homework

Sun, January 12, 2025

[ Sun, Jan 12th ] - MSN

Study reveals tiny plastic particles' impact on terrestrial food webs

[ Sun, Jan 12th ] - Yahoo

Ashlee Vance launches media startup Core Memory

[ Sun, Jan 12th ] - MSN

Ranking the most hated Premier League clubs in 2024/25

[ Sun, Jan 12th ] - BBC

PM plans to 'unleash AI' across UK to boost growth

[ Sun, Jan 12th ] - WAPT

Driver charged with DUI after crashing into building

[ Sun, Jan 12th ] - Wired

New Superconductive Materials Have Just Been Discovered

[ Sun, Jan 12th ] - Yahoo

Waterville art class teaches students how to 3D print their own tools

[ Sun, Jan 12th ] - corkbeo

Cork student takes crown at BT Young Scientist awards

[ Sun, Jan 12th ] - Yahoo

How a robot cafe in Tokyo aims to empower - not replace - human workers

[ Sun, Jan 12th ] - Forbes

The Tragic Story Of Laika, The Soviet 'Canine Cosmonaut' Who Made Space History In 1957

[ Sun, Jan 12th ] - Graphic

KNUST releases admission list for 2024/2025 academic year

[ Sun, Jan 12th ] - BBC

Kuenssberg to quiz minister Peter Kyle with UK borrowing costs in the news

[ Sun, Jan 12th ] - Indiatimes

90-hour work week: Which countries have the shortest working hours? See where India ranks globally

[ Sun, Jan 12th ] - MSN

Will AI revolutionize or weaken science? ?

[ Sun, Jan 12th ] - MSN

A powerful potential challenger to SpaceX's rocket dominance is poised to launch

[ Sun, Jan 12th ] - MSN

Russia's unjammable drones are causing chaos. A t .. irm says it has a fix to help Ukraine fight back.

Sat, January 11, 2025

[ Sat, Jan 11th ] - Goodreturns

Investing In AI-Powered Adaptive Learning: What Budget 2025 Might Offer?

[ Sat, Jan 11th ] - Yahoo

TSMC's Arizona Fab 21 is already making 4nm chips

[ Sat, Jan 11th ] - CNET

We Saw the Future of Tech at CES: 6 Biggest Trends That Will Shape 2025

[ Sat, Jan 11th ] - CNET

Next-Gen Tech Galore: Everything That Grabbed Our Eyes at CES 2025

[ Sat, Jan 11th ] - businessday

Funerals in Detty December: The soaring cost of saying goodbye in peak season

[ Sat, Jan 11th ] - MSN

Exploring quinone-based carbon capture: A promising path to safer CO? removal

[ Sat, Jan 11th ] - MSN

Spacecraft makes final flyby of smallest planet in solar system

[ Sat, Jan 11th ] - Forbes

Index Funds? Nope. We're Doing This For 8%+ Tech Dividends And Upside

[ Sat, Jan 11th ] - MSN

IIT Madras shares top free online courses for CS professionals offered on SWAYAM

[ Sat, Jan 11th ] - Forbes

U.K. Government Warns Of Sex Toy Hacking Danger

[ Sat, Jan 11th ] - Yahoo

Why Data & AI Literacy are Important Skills for K-12 Students

[ Sat, Jan 11th ] - MSN

India joins UN committee on big data for official statistics

[ Sat, Jan 11th ] - MSN

India now on UN experts panel on Big Data

[ Sat, Jan 11th ] - Yahoo

From anecdotes to AI tools, how doctors make medical decisions is evolving with technology

[ Sat, Jan 11th ] - Techopedia

Trump Inherits a Hacked America: Expert Analysis

[ Sat, Jan 11th ] - Forbes

The Future Of The Spacesuit; What NASA's Artemis Astronauts Will Wear

Fri, January 10, 2025

[ Fri, Jan 10th ] - Forbes

Exploring Practical LLM Research In Class At MIT

[ Fri, Jan 10th ] - Inverse

The Real-Life Study Of Brain Monitoring At Work Gives Serious Severance Vibes

[ Fri, Jan 10th ] - MSN

NASA Solar Dynamics Observatory back online after 2024 data center flood

[ Fri, Jan 10th ] - Techopedia

Top 15 Cybersecurity Companies in 2025: CrowdStrike, Cisco, Zscaler & More

[ Fri, Jan 10th ] - Chalkbeat

Education bill tracker: Indiana lawmakers focus on social media use, literacy, diversity, IPS

[ Fri, Jan 10th ] - FierceBiotech

Eli Lilly, Andreessen Horowitz link up on $500M biotech venture fund

[ Fri, Jan 10th ] - Yahoo

As technology evolves, it becomes harder to tell 'real' AI from marketing

[ Fri, Jan 10th ] - MSN

Aqua Tower 2025 Review: Benefits, Costs, and Surprising User Feedback

[ Fri, Jan 10th ] - Forbes

How Artificial Intelligence Is Transforming The J .. : A Guide To Adaptation And Career Transformation

[ Fri, Jan 10th ] - MSN

IIT Mandi opens admissions for MBA in Data Science and AI programme 2025-27 batch

[ Fri, Jan 10th ] - Yahoo

CES 2025: Hong Kong start-ups out in force as city strives to become Asian tech hub

[ Fri, Jan 10th ] - Frontiers

Lipid-Based Systems for Improved Nutrient Stability and Bioavailability

[ Fri, Jan 10th ] - MSN

China-born gene-editing star scientist Zhang Feng recognised with top US prize

[ Fri, Jan 10th ] - MSN

Top 5 NASDAQ Fintech Stocks (Updated January 2025)

Thu, January 9, 2025

[ Thu, Jan 09th ] - Forbes

Tabletop Role-Playing Games In College Mental Health

[ Thu, Jan 09th ] - kathmandupost

Science and research security in a globalising world

[ Thu, Jan 09th ] - Forbes

Where Should Your Money Be In 2025?

[ Thu, Jan 09th ] - LancasterOnline

Lampeter-Strasburg administrator outlines plan to implement new state science standards

[ Thu, Jan 09th ] - scrippsnews

Rideable luggage, motorized surfboards, and more on display at CES 2025

[ Thu, Jan 09th ] - IFLScience

"Quantum Refrigerator" Is A Brand New Way To Reset Quantum Computers

[ Thu, Jan 09th ] - Impacts

Explore the Best Exhibitions in Madrid in 2025

[ Thu, Jan 09th ] - Mashable

The best of CES 2025

[ Thu, Jan 09th ] - techxplore

Building better batteries: Researchers untangle t .. ithium that develop inside rechargeable batteries

[ Thu, Jan 09th ] - Techopedia

What Is Willow Quantum Chip? Key Capabilities & Multiverse Debate

[ Thu, Jan 09th ] - Forbes

How Storytelling Boosts Your STEM Job Interview Success

[ Thu, Jan 09th ] - MSN

Wallace and Gromit's Wrong Trousers 2m tall one-of-a-kind exhibit to be unveiled

[ Thu, Jan 09th ] - MSN

Morgan Sindall Construction appointed as lead con .. ctor for Canary Wharf life science transformation

[ Thu, Jan 09th ] - IFLScience

Why The USA Almost Had A Different Capital City

[ Thu, Jan 09th ] - timesnownews

Nothing Phone 3 Launch Date, Price In India, Design, Specs, Latest Leaks, What To Expect This Year

[ Thu, Jan 09th ] - MSN

Innovative University of Derby and Sperry Rail inspection project using AI gets underway

[ Thu, Jan 09th ] - MSN

'Dear Idli Chutney No Sambhar': GATE 2025 aspirants receive bizarre Email from IIT Roorkee

[ Thu, Jan 09th ] - timesnownews

Valorant Patch 10.00: Major Updates, New Agent Tejo, Map Changes, How To Download And More

[ Thu, Jan 09th ] - NDTV

Is There A Course To Join ISRO? FAQs On Careers In Indian Space Research Organisation

[ Thu, Jan 09th ] - MSN

College group fetes 269 graduates in Shah Alam

Wed, January 8, 2025

[ Wed, Jan 08th ] - MSN

Nvidia and AMD's Breakthrough Products at CES 2025: Why These Stocks Are Set to Skyrocket

[ Wed, Jan 08th ] - MSN

Lithium-sulfur batteries: Study uncovers key degradation insights

[ Wed, Jan 08th ] - stkate

KARE Scholars present undergraduate research at national conference

[ Wed, Jan 08th ] - CNET

Health Tech Inventions at CES 2025 Could Transform the Future of Personal Wellness

[ Wed, Jan 08th ] - MSN

3 Reasons Why You Should Invest in DXC Technology Stock Right Now

[ Wed, Jan 08th ] - techxplore

Nuclear fusion could one day be a viable clean en .. , but big engineering challenges stand in the way

[ Wed, Jan 08th ] - SETI

SETI Institute in the News: December Roundup

[ Wed, Jan 08th ] - Newsday

Regeneron Science Talent Search scholars: Long Is .. 49 semifinalists, more than any other U.S. region

[ Wed, Jan 08th ] - MSN

Thousands of students taking part in Young Scientist & Technology exhibition in Dublin

[ Wed, Jan 08th ] - MSN

Vir jumps after Phase 1 data for Sanofi-partnered cancer drug technology

UK must do more to lead innovation in bio-tech sector, Lords committee says

_{//science-technology.news-articles.net/content/2 .. ion-in-bio-tech-sector-lords-committee-says.html}
^{Published in Science and Technology on Monday, January 13th 2025 at 20:02 GMT by MSN}

UK must do more to lead innovation in bio-tech sector, Lords committee says - Peers have warned the UK risks failing behind rivals if it does not do more to innovate in the engineering biology sector.

The UK must enhance its efforts to lead in the biotechnology sector, according to a report by the House of Lords Science and Technology Committee. The report highlights that while the UK has a strong foundation in life sciences, it risks falling behind global competitors like the US and China if it does not address several key issues. These include improving access to capital for biotech startups, streamlining regulatory processes, and fostering better collaboration between academia and industry. The committee also emphasized the need for a more robust skills pipeline to ensure a steady supply of talent in the sector. Additionally, the report calls for government intervention to create a more supportive environment for innovation, including tax incentives and infrastructure development, to maintain and grow the UK's competitive edge in biotechnology.

Read the Full MSN Article at:
[ https://www.msn.com/en-gb/technology/biotechnology/uk-must-do-more-to-lead-innovation-in-bio-tech-sector-lords-committee-says/ar-BB1roxAM ]

Publication Contributing Sources