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Union Budget 2026: Focus on Infrastructure, Healthcare, and EVs

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  Published in Science and Technology on Saturday, January 31st 2026 at 23:17 GMT by moneycontrol.com
      Locales: Delhi, INDIA

New Delhi, February 1st, 2026 - Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman today presented the Union Budget for 2026-27, outlining a roadmap for sustained economic growth with a strong emphasis on infrastructure development, healthcare advancements, and a renewed push for electric vehicle manufacturing. The budget, delivered in Parliament this afternoon, attempts to balance ambitious growth targets with the imperative of fiscal responsibility, although questions remain about achieving stated deficit goals.

The Finance Minister's speech, lasting approximately ninety minutes, detailed a series of proposals aimed at bolstering various sectors of the Indian economy. A central theme running through the budget was the government's commitment to 'sustainable growth,' reflected in increased allocations for green energy initiatives and environmentally friendly technologies.

Tax Proposals: Relief for the Middle Class and Incentives for Corporations

One of the most keenly anticipated aspects of the budget was the revision of income tax slabs. The Finance Minister announced adjustments designed to provide relief to the middle class, increasing the basic exemption limit and revising tax brackets upwards. While specific details are still being analyzed, early indications suggest that individuals earning below a certain threshold will experience a reduction in their tax liability. Simultaneously, the budget includes incentives for corporations, particularly those investing in research and development and manufacturing within India. Corporate tax rates have been marginally adjusted to encourage domestic production and attract foreign investment.

The Goods and Services Tax (GST) also saw some modifications, with rationalization efforts focused on streamlining rates and reducing complexity. The government intends to leverage technology to further improve GST compliance and minimize evasion.

Sectoral Allocations: Infrastructure Takes Center Stage

Infrastructure development received a substantial boost in this year's budget. The allocation for infrastructure spending has been increased by 15% compared to the previous fiscal year. A significant portion of this investment is earmarked for railway modernization, including the accelerated implementation of high-speed rail projects connecting major metropolitan cities. The budget also prioritizes the development of roadways, ports, and inland waterways to improve connectivity and facilitate trade.

Recognizing the critical importance of healthcare, the budget allocates increased funding to the sector to address emerging health challenges and strengthen public health infrastructure. This includes investments in primary healthcare centers, medical research, and the expansion of health insurance coverage. The recent lessons learned from global health crises have underscored the need for a resilient and accessible healthcare system, and the budget reflects this recognition.

Agriculture continues to be a priority, with the government announcing measures to support farmers, improve irrigation facilities, and promote agricultural innovation. The budget includes provisions for enhancing rural infrastructure and ensuring fair prices for agricultural produce.

Fiscal Outlook: Balancing Growth and Deficit Targets

The government has set a fiscal deficit target of 5.9% of GDP for the next fiscal year, a modest reduction from the previous year's 6.4%. Achieving this target will require diligent revenue collection and efficient expenditure management. The government plans to rely on a combination of tax revenues, disinvestment proceeds, and borrowing to finance its ambitious spending plans.

Economists are cautiously optimistic about the budget's fiscal projections. While the focus on growth-inducing investments is commendable, concerns remain about the government's ability to meet its deficit targets given the current global economic uncertainties.

Market Reactions: Initial Optimism

The stock markets responded positively to the budget announcement, with the benchmark indices registering gains in early trading. Investor sentiment was buoyed by the government's commitment to infrastructure development and the incentives for the corporate sector. However, analysts caution that the market's sustained performance will depend on the effective implementation of the budget proposals and the overall global economic environment.

Electric Vehicle Push

Notably, the budget unveiled a new scheme aimed at promoting domestic manufacturing of electric vehicles (EVs). The scheme includes production-linked incentives (PLI) for EV manufacturers, as well as subsidies for consumers purchasing EVs. This is expected to accelerate the adoption of EVs and reduce India's dependence on fossil fuels. The government also announced plans to invest in the development of EV charging infrastructure across the country.

Looking Ahead:

The Union Budget 2026 represents a bold attempt to steer the Indian economy towards a path of sustainable and inclusive growth. The success of this budget will depend on the government's ability to translate its vision into concrete action and overcome the challenges that lie ahead. Continued monitoring of economic indicators and a proactive approach to policy adjustments will be crucial in ensuring that the budget's objectives are achieved.